The question is posed: Does technology help or harm literacy? First, we have to define literacy. Is it still simply the ability to read and write? According to Merriam-Webster, yes it is. Although this would be considered the most standard and simplistic definition of literacy I would have to say that this definition is continually evolving as new technologies are introduced. I liked this expanded definition of literacy that I read on Wikipedia that says:
Literacy refers to the ability to read for knowledge, write coherently, and think critically about the written word. Visual literacy includes in addition the ability to understand all forms of communication, be it body language, pictures, maps, or video. Evolving definitions of literacy often include all the symbol systems relevant to a particular community. Literacy encompasses a complex set of abilities to understand and use the dominant symbol systems of a culture for personal and community development. In a technological society, the concept of literacy is expanding to include the media and electronic text, in addition to alphabetic and number systems. These abilities vary in different social and cultural contexts according to need and demand.
So then, is it out with the old, in with the new? I think not! It is the old combined with the new that creates the foundation on which to build the 21st century skills for ALL students. Yes, teacher facilitated basic phonics instruction along with modeling and practice is still best practice but why not add a web 2.0 tool and/or an ipad app to engage the student in the practice of newly acquired phonics skills? From my own personal experience with a group of 3rd grade struggling readers using Storybird (an online digital story telling tool) technology proves to be a beneficial and yes, helpful tool for the development of literacy. Technology provides limitless opportunities to investigate and learn, explore and create, reflect and communicate in ways that the paper and pencil never will.
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